Jesper smith



(No Model.)

J. SMITH.

WATER MOTOR.

Patented Aug. 20, 1889.

A I/[ml WITNESSES,

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JESPER SMITH, OF \VASHINGTON, NEW JERSEY.

WATER-MOTO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 409,514, dated August 20, 1889.

Application filed February 23, 1889.

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, J ESPER SMITH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of \Vashington, in the county of Warren and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tater-Motors; and I'do hereby declare that the followin af n11, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which Figure l is a perspective view of my improved water-motor. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, showing the side removed. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view, and Fig. 4 is a detail view of the wheel.

Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in'all the figures.

My invention relates to that class of watermotors in which the water-wheel is operated by the forcible discharge of a stream of water upon the buckets upon the rim of the wheel in such a manner that the power shall be applied on both sides of the wheel equally, and also in various details of construction, as will be hereinafter more fully described and pointed out. I

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A represents the casing of my improved watermotor, provided on each side at diagonallyopposite portions of the rim of the casin g with tangential penstocks or flumes B B, each having an opposite discharge or outlet pipe 0 C.

The water-wheel is indicated by the letter D and revolves upon a central axis E, said axis being provided on one end with a grooved pulley F, to which the belting of the machincry to be operated is attached. The periphery of the wheel D is formed or provided with a series of radial buckets G, having their faces against which the stream of water is directed perpendicular or straight, and having their opposite faces beveled or inclined from their upper ends toward the lower ends thereof. These buckets are of a width greater than the width of the periphery of the wheel and of sufficient area to cover the inner bore of the discharge 01' waste pipe.

$erial No. 300,860. (No model.)

Since I have found by experience that the best'results are attained by arranging the water-wheel to run at the rate of one-third of the velocity of the water that turns it, it follows that the area of escape should be more than that of the inlet in like proportion. I therefore in practice prefer to construct my improved motor with the outlet or discharge pipes of an area three times as great as that of the penstocks or flumes. I do not, however, wish to be understood as confining myself to this particular construction, inasmuch.

as it is obvious that the diameter of all may be the same without rendering the motor inoperative. I have also found it desirable to construct the wheel of sufficient Weight to offer considerable resistance to the stream, which, being directed against the buckets with considerable force, would tend to revolve a wheel of light weight even faster than the velocity of the water, thereby forming a vacuum between the buckets of the wheel, offering no resistance to the pressure of the air on the opposite face of the bucket, causing backlash and a tendency of the wheel to drag. To provide against this contingency, I employ a wheel of sufficient weight so as to offer considerable resistance to the force of the water, thereby causing the stream or jet and the wheel to move uniformly and a continuous and steady flow of water from the flume or penstock to the outlet or waste pipe.

In practice I intend to apply water in the same manner to both sides of the wheel-that is, supposing it to be in a vertical position, then apply the tangential jet at the bottom and top in harmony of direction in regard to the water-wheelthereby at a very little increase of cost making the capacity double that of a single jet and at the same time reducing friction by balance of force. The device is therefore constructed so as to be operated with freedom in any position, either vertical, horizontal, or inclined, in open air or under water. It will also be seen that I construct the calihers of both the feed-pipes and discharge-pipes of a tapering form, gradually diminishing in diameter toward the inner openings thereof.

It will be seen that if the diameter of the escape-pipes were uniform throughout the friction of the sides of the outlet would be considerable, whereas by having these out lets tapering, as described, when the volume of Water reaches the point within the escape pipes where the diameter becomes larger the pressure of the outer atmosphere is no greater, and as the volume of water is not increased the friction of the sides of the outlet is considerably diminished. V

The device is furthermore simple of con struction, inexpensive of production, and strong and durable in use.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States- In a Water-wheel, the combination, with a casing, of a Water-wheel provided with buckets having one of their faces perpendicular and the opposite face inclined, an axle or shaft provided on one end With a pulley-Wheel, a horizontal lower pipe having its bore gradually tapering from each end toward the center, the diameter of the outlet end being larger than the diameter of the inlet, and an upper horizontal pipe constructed in a similar manner to the lower pipe, but arranged inversely thereto with reference to the inlet and outlet openings, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereunto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JESPER SMITH. \Vitnesses:

S. P. BOWERS, DANIEL VLIET. 

